Improvement of A Thermophilic Fungal Cellulase Production Upon Bioremediation of Wheat Bran

Alaam, Hanaa; Mousa, Ibrahim E.; Rizk, Nashwa M. H.; Hamza, Hanafy A.; Eldourghamy, Ayman S.

doi:10.21608/jcvr.2024.384945

Improvement of A Thermophilic Fungal Cellulase Production Upon Bioremediation of Wheat Bran

Document Type : Original Article

Authors

10.21608/jcvr.2024.384945

Abstract

Due to the considerable expense associated with cellulases and their extensive range of
applications, numerous researchers and enterprises have been compelled to explore
alternate avenues of production. These alternatives encompass the identification of novel
sources and the development of innovative fermentation techniques, with the aim of
discovering specific enzymes that exhibit enhanced stability and efficiency. Plackett-Burman
design is primarily employed as a statistical method for the purpose of screening and
selecting the most pertinent variables that contribute to the improvement of output. The
study showed information on the optimal levels of each variable, their interactions with
other variables, and their impact on product yield. This resulted in a reduction in the number
of experiments required to optimize production for several parameters, as determined using
statistical analysis. The results obtained from the submerged fermentation experiment
indicated that the maximal values of cellulose activity, glucose release, and cellulose efficacy
were 92.24, 84.9, and 31.41U/ml, respectively. In contrast, solid-state fermentation yielded
maximum values of cellulose activity, glucose release, and cellulose efficacy at 106.36, 97.87,
and 36.21, respectively. The study identified nine significant parameters that influenced
cellulose production by Aspergillus niger NRLL3122. These factors included inoculum size,
substrate concentration, incubation temperature, pH, shaking conditions, incubation time,
peptone concentration, phosphate concentration, and urea concentration. Optimization of
cellulase production was conducted using MINITAB 18.0 software, employing response
optimization techniques to enhance the design properties. The experiment was conducted
using the specified variables outlined in the Plackett-Burman design (PBD). The resulting
enzyme activity reached 106.36 U ml -1which closely approximated the anticipated value.
Highest level of enzyme activity was achieved using a 5% inoculum size, a substrate
concentration of 9.6%, an incubation temperature of 28 °C, a pH of 6, an incubation time of
96 hours, and a peptone concentration of 0.75 g/L.

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