Effects of Management System on the Reproductive Efficiency and Milk Production in Sudanese Camel

Document Type : Original Article

Authors

1 College of Agriculture Studies, Department of Animal Production, Sudan University Of Science and Technology, Khartoum North- Shambat P.O Box: 407.

2 Department of Animal Reproduction, Veterinary Research Division, National Research Centre, Tahrir St., Dokki 12622, Cairo, Egypt

Abstract

This research was conducted to investigate the reproductive performances of Sudanese camels under two management
systems. First, the natural nomadic management system at El Butana region, south eastern Sudan; and second the intensive
management systems in Khartoum state center of Sudan. Mean values were as following the age of puberty for she-camel was
3.12±.38 years and 3.37±.54 year, age of puberty for male camel was 3.93±.79 years and 3.85±.28 years, age at first mating of
male was 4.81±0.79 years and 5.13±0.69 years (P<0.05), age at first mating of female was3.82±0.88 and 4.35±0.57years
(P<0.05), the age of female at the first calving was 4.94±.66 years and 5.35±.57 years (P<0.05), reproductive age of male was
16.75± 1.10 and 13.09±0.65 years (P<0.01), reproductive age of female was 20.35± 1.30 and 16.45±0.77 years (P<0.01) in
intensive and nomadic system, respectively. While milk production per day was 6.53±.63 and 6.48±.33 liters and number of
milking per day was 2.35±.93 times and 2.61±.58 times, while lactation period was significantly shorter (P<0.05) under
intensive than nomadic management system (9.29±2.20 and11.83±3.82 months for intensive and nomadic systems,
respectively). Conclusion: Reproductive performances of camels under nomadic management system (Butana region) is low.
Therefore, improvement of management systems under nomadic area and the use of controlled breeding techniques might
contribute to improvement of camel reproduction under nomadic regions, and also the good nutrition is best way to improve
and raise the reproductive efficiency of camel.

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