Seroprevalence and Associated Risk Factors of Brucellosis among Sheep, Goats and Camels in North Western Coastal Area of Egypt

Document Type : Original Article

Authors

1 Department of Animal Medicine and Infectious Diseases (Infectious Diseases), Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Sadat City, Egypt

2 Department of Animal Health, Desert Research Center, Egypt.

3 Department of Animal Medicine and Infectious Diseases (Infectious Diseases), Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Sadat City, Egypt.

Abstract

This study was conducted to find out the seroprevalence and associated risk factors of brucellosis in northwestern coast of Egypt such important border area. In this study, 630 serum samples (272 camel, 237 sheep and 121 goat) were collected from different localities of the northwestern coast, Egypt. Serum samples were tested serologically by Rose Bengal plate test (RBPT) and competitive ELISA (cELISA). The result revealed an overall brucellosis seroprevalence of (4.04% and 3.68%) for camels, (13.50% and 23.21%) for sheep and (25.62% and 29.75%) for goats by RBPT and cELISA respectively in the northwestern coast of Egypt. Regarding to the sex of the animals nearly similar prevalence was observed (16.2%, 16%) in males and females respectively. While young animals were more likely to test positive than adult animals where prevalence rate in young animals was 18.5% and 15.9% in adult animals. The brucellosis seroprevalences of aborted and non-aborted animals were (18%, 15.5%). While our data revealed that 33% of animals with fertility problems (repeat breeders) were seropositive, prevalence of brucellosis in animals with no fertility problems was 15.5%. Finally, brucellosis is found in the northwestern coast of Egypt with relatively high percentage. More researches are needed to study the true epidemiological aspect in this important area. An effective eradication program is also needed in this area.

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